Plain English
The mempool (memory pool) is the queue of unconfirmed transactions that have been broadcast to the network but not yet mined into a block. Each node maintains its own mempool. Miners and validators pick the highest-fee transactions from theirs to fill the next block.
How it actually works
When you submit a transaction, it propagates to nodes worldwide and lands in their mempools. Validators sort by priority fee (or by MEV value) and include the most profitable subset in the next block. Anything left over either eventually clears or expires.
What it means for you
The mempool is also where MEV bots see your transaction before it confirms — and where front-running and sandwich attacks happen. For sensitive trades (large swaps, liquidations), use private mempools or RPCs like Flashbots Protect that bypass the public mempool entirely.
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